In a groundbreaking revelation that has sent shockwaves through the astronomical community, NASA researchers have identified a new candidate exoplanet, HD 137010 b, which boasts a striking 87% similarity index to Earth in terms of size and orbital characteristics. Located approximately 146 light-years away, this rocky world represents one of the most promising "Earth-sized" detections in recent years, sitting squarely near the habitable zone of its host star.

A Near-Perfect Mirror in the Cosmos

The discovery, primarily unearthed from archival data from the Kepler/K2 mission, suggests that HD 137010 b is almost a carbon copy of our home planet regarding its physical dimensions. Most interestingly, the planet completes a full revolution around its star in roughly 355 Earth days—an orbital period nearly identical to our own year.

While many previously discovered exoplanets orbit volatile red dwarfs, HD 137010 b orbits an orange dwarf (K-type star). These stars are known for being more stable and long-lived than our Sun, potentially providing a steadier environment for life to develop over billions of years.

The Frigid Twist: A "Cold Earth"

Despite its Earth-like size and orbit, there is a significant catch: the planet is likely much colder than Earth. Because its host star is smaller and cooler than our Sun, HD 137010 b receives less than one-third of the light and heat that we do. Scientists estimate its surface temperature could be as low as -90°F (-68°C), making it even chillier than Mars.

However, researchers remain optimistic. Astrophysical models suggest that if the planet possesses a dense atmosphere rich in greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, it could trap enough heat to maintain liquid water on its surface. "The margins are fine, but the potential is enormous," stated lead researchers.

What’s Next for the Discovery?

Currently classified as a "candidate," HD 137010 b requires further validation. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is expected to be the primary tool for follow-up observations, aiming to detect the planet's atmospheric composition and confirm if it truly holds the ingredients for life. As humanity looks toward the stars, this 87% match brings us one step closer to answering the ultimate question: Are we alone?